My Great Grandfathers Diary
rose

Friday Morning. May 16,1856
  Went up to breakfast. Sarah and the children stayed and took breakfast in the cabin. Fare; tea, coffee, fish, chops and stew etc. We should have enjoyed it more only the cups and saucers and dishes kept marching from one side of the table to the other. The sea dashing over our heads. I should have enjoyed it only I had a headache, but still I managed a breakfast. The ship rolling much, it prevents my walking on the deck so I shall take this opportunity to give you my experience and the effects that the late events have had upon my spirits. Bless the Lord for all his goodness to me for his ways are not as our ways nor his thoughts are not as our thoughts. The more I look back, the more I see the finger of God, for he saw fit to punish me for my backsliding and in the midst of my prosperity to bring my purpose to naught. Though when I prayed onto God he heard me in the day of my trouble and sent peace into my soul and when my soul became enlightened I called upon him to show the way I should go. I am now in the way of the Lord and he will never leave me nor forsake me, every difficulty has been made easy for me.  All my fears have been calmed and my soul is serene, which is most marvelous to me but I feel like a little boy who was on board his fathers ship during a storm when asked by one of the passengers how it was he was so calm he said "I do not fear; my fathers at the helm." Tis even so here my Heavenly Fathers at the helm and he will take us safely to Port for he said unto me, Thou shalt live and not die, and declare the works of the Lord. fear not Father we shall all meet again and though we cannot see when yet, but in his good time it will come. Go to the fountain head and he will direct you for his mercy endureth forever. Half past 10 sea going down a little; sailor singing hoisting the sail. Ship going along first rate getting near the banks of New Foundland. Ship steering N. West Half West. Going for a walk could not succeed. The ship rocking so much, so leaned against the side of the second cabin saloon and watched the sailors at work mending the cordage. A sail seen in the distance but the sea being high we did not get near her. Dinner bell rang. Fish flesh and soup and desert; muscatille raisons, almonds, nuts , figs etc. Sarah kept her bed owing to the motion of the ship making her sick. Children very lively and well.  Read a bit after dinner and had some conversation and then adjourned to the deck for a walk till I was cold and then went to the smoker room to warm myself; wind blowing from the north. Sailors heaved the log at 8 bells, 4o'clock, going at a rate of 9 knots so we go at a rate of about 220 miles in 24 hours. 6 o'clock tea bell rang. Tea and coffee, ham and corned beef. Read till dark and then wrote my journal to finish. At my elbow 5 of the passengers are card playing too. An American from East Tennesee been traveling through England and the Continent, tells some curious tales about the Polish and people of Italy. One is from St Johns New Brunswick, the other two are Englishmen going to the Canadas, the gamekeeper is an American young man; working man I believe; likewise travelling on pleasure in England, Scotland and Ireland to see the country. Sea beginning to rise. 8 o'clock and the sea to dash over the second cabin saloon. it has been a beautiful sunny day and promises to be a fine moolight night; though I am afraid many will not get much sleep tonight. Lay on the cushioned seat in the saloon till 1/2 past 10 then wished goodnight and went to bed after recommending ourselves to a Gracious God whom mercies endureth forever.


Note: My wife Cheri and I were married on Saturday May 17th 1986....130 years after this journal entry. It is coincidental that this day in 1856 was also a Saturday and the journal entry seems the most interesting to me. It has lots of detail and information about the ship and life on board a ship in 1856.



Saturday May 17, 1856. 
  Awoke at 1/2 past 4 began to write my journal. The ship does not labour so much as she did yesterday morning. I will now give you a description of our ship. She is one of the Old Style of build of 1849 but kept in remarkably clean condition. Those who have travelled in other Ships say the same. She is manned principally by Scotchmen. Our Captain is a Scotchman Captain Laing. When going through the North Channel on Monday morning the Captain told me that he knows every farm house on the Scottish side as he was reared there. We have a full compliment of Seamen Engineers and Firemen and Stewards. Besides 2 stowaways or 2 persons that hid themselves on board and came out after loosing land. I told you of one but heard later there were two of them. There is a great respect paid by one man to another and they are all both officers and men. The most civil and obliging as any set of men ashore. The engine divides the ship into two parts. Fore (front)  and Aft (back). The fore part on the deck is occupied by the Forecastle. That is the place where the seamen are and sleep etc; under that and running down the ship towards the engine is the Second Cabin extending the full width of the vessel. Two passages running down on each side of which are doors opening into small rooms. Light from above by a glass prism cut in two inserted in the deck floor. The angular part downwards. At the end of the passages there is one that runs across the ship connecting the two and on the side next to the center of the ship is the Stewards Pantry and at the two extremities the water closets are and at the other end the same by the Steward Pantry. The stairs are with brass banisters which go up to the lobby of the Second Cabin Saloon which is a long room occupying the center of the ship over the middle division of cabins below. It is panelled all Oak with tables running the whole length of Saloon covered with Damask table covers and sidings to prevent dishes from falling in your lap when the ship rools. Crimson Velvet cushioned seats and backs. Brass swinging lamps which as soon as it is dark are lit up and the shutters are drawn. The First Cabin is partly the same only more georgious in the fitting but the Second Cabin berths are much better, being larger and lighted more. The First Cabin is in the after part of the ship. I have been over them and I should not like them. The heat and smells from the engines and the cooking place go's to the Aft part of the vessel. Over the First Cabin is the main deck prominaide. All the passengers surrounded by a Brass railing about 1 1/2 in diameter. In the center near the stern is the needle before which one of the four mates are always promeneding. It is never left for a moment, if the officer wants to go on the lower deck he calls a petty officer to his place for a few minutes. Behind the compass is the Wheel house just projecting about 2 feet above the deck with glass windows and he receives his orders from the officer. Before the needle in the center between the first and second saloon, fire hole, smoke room, the cooking place, then the crank room, mess room and the engineers entrance to the engine room. That fills up the middle part on each side of the engine and crank room. There are different officers on the starboard (right) side. First comes the pursers room, bakers, butchers etc, cow house, poultry. Then come the padle boxes over which and between each side runs a gallery on which promenades the first and second mates who gives his orders to the boatswayne or bosen as they call him. He pipes his shrill whistle for the watch on duty and gives the order to communicate to him by the officer on watch. On the other side of the padlebox; starboard; are various offices and water closets. On the starboard side opposite the pursers romm is the surgeon 2nd mates, stewards etc. then padle boxes and on the other side is the carpenters room, ice house where the meat is kept in ice. Some of the meat was killed in America about 4 weeks ago; never tasted better beef in my life; and other closets and offices. The Captain and Chief officer has his cabin below the first cabin saloon.
   As you stand in what they call the smoke room, is covered with an iron grating about two feet above the floor which looks down to where the Firemen are feeding the engine fires and it looks like looking down into the infernal reageons. The men are as black as the coal they burn and the heat below is intense. As they come up to cool themselves occasionally, all streaming with perspiration. The depth to the bottom is about as deep as your house and looks terrible to look down. 
    Breakfast at 8 bells-8 o'clock. Tea and coffee, fish steaks and stove hot rolls etc. It is a fine morning but a fresh breeze sprang up and it became clouded an came on to rain, Boatswain pipes his whistle and calls a loud call on the 3rd watch and soon after pipes again and heave the log.
    The log is a piece of wood attached to a rope about as thick as a clothes line. The rope is wound on a spindle something like a cottons spinners spindle. The two seaman hold the handles in their hands while the officers on watch draws off some the line on purpose, to fling it into the sea. One of the seamen takes a minute glass. With the sand run down the officer cries ready and the seaman says Ah So and away goes the log into the sea and the line runs off the spindle until all the sand has run down. When he cries down; then the men stop the spindle and the sailors clutch it and draw it up out of the sea then according to the qauntity of cord that runs out during the time the sand is going down; So they measure that we are going at so many knots an hour.
    Dinner at 1 o'clock boiled beef, chicken, beef steak pie, soup and bread and cheese and bisquet. Sat reading in the Saloon till I was cold as no heat came from the steam pipes that heat the place. Adjourned to the Smoke room; sat till tea. Wind blowing hard and right ahead most of the time. The Bosen pipes his whistle for his watch on duty and orders the sails to be set. Weather cleared up before the sun set. The wind going down.
    After tea 6 o'clock sat talking to a young man, a native of Massachusetts; about his travels in Oregon and California. Seen a great deal of life at the digging as a danger ??????? and spirit seller. Retired to bed early. Slept till 6 o'clock Sunday morning May 18/56

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